Q: Masalah umum nozzle injektor bahan bakar diesel

A: Yen injector mesin diesel wis digunakake kanggo dangu, angkat tutup jarum injector bakal nambah, meksa injeksi injeksi bakal dhuwur banget utawa kurang banget, pipo bali bahan bakar injector bakal kakehan lan tutup jarum. bakal macet, sing bakal mengaruhi operasi normal mesin diesel. Kanthi nganalisa kesalahan kasebut, kawruh profesional driver bisa ditingkatake.

Fungsi injektor bahan bakar ing mesin diesel yaiku nyuntikake lenga diesel tekanan dhuwur sing dikirim dening pompa injeksi menyang ruang pembakaran kanthi tekanan injeksi tartamtu, jumlah injeksi lan sudut ing semprotan kabut kanggo ningkatake campuran bahan bakar lan bahan bakar. udara sing dikompress, supaya bisa entuk pembakaran sing luwih apik. Injektor bahan bakar lan tutup jarum minangka salah sawijining komponen utama sistem bahan bakar mesin diesel, lan uga minangka bagean sing rawan. Antarane telung komponen presisi sistem bahan bakar diesel, linuwih kerjane paling awon lan umur layanan rata-rata paling cendhak. Yen injector digunakake kanggo dawa banget, kahanan ing ngisor iki bakal kelakon: angkat tutup jarum injector mundhak, kang ngganti hukum injeksi bahan bakar lan worsens pangobongan saka mesin diesel; Tekanan injeksi bahan bakar saka injektor bahan bakar dhuwur banget utawa kurang banget, nyebabake operasi sing ora rata ing saben silinder mesin diesel lan ngurangi daya; Lan pipa bali bahan bakar saka injector bahan bakar kakehan lan tutup jarum macet, kang mengaruhi operasi normal saka engine diesel, asil ing meksa injeksi bahan bakar ngisor, atomization miskin, bocor lenga lan netes, lan mesin diesel ora bisa. bisa uga.

1. Katup jarum macet. Katup jarum minangka kopling penting ing injektor. Iki kasusun saka tutup jarum lan awak tutup jarum. Iki minangka kopling kanthi tliti dhuwur. Iku lemah ing pasangan lan ora bisa interchanged. Sisih ndhuwur bunder njaba tutup jarum diwenehake karo pundhak dhukungan. Sajrone perakitan, tutup injektor kanthi kenceng mencet pasuryan mburi ndhuwur awak tutup jarum lan pasuryan mburi ngisor awak injector liwat Pundhak support. Kepala tutup jarum duwe rong permukaan conical lan pin berbentuk kerucut terbalik. Pin saka conthong kuwalik dilebokake menyang bolongan semprotan awak tutup jarum kanggo mbentuk longkangan bunder saka conthong kuwalik. Nalika tutup jarum diunggahake kanggo nyuntikake lenga, semprotan minyak atomisasi kerucut positif bisa dibentuk. Yen tutup jarum macet ing negara mbukak, bahan bakar diesel nyuntikaken saka muncung ora bisa atomized, asil ing pangobongan ora lengkap, lan kumelun ireng uga bakal kelakon. Kajaba iku, diesel sing ora diobong uga bakal ngumbah tembok silinder, ngencerake lenga mesin, lan nyepetake nyandhang ring piston lan liner silinder. Yen tutup jarum macet nalika ditutup, bakal ngasilake swara ketukan tekanan dhuwur ing sistem pembakaran, lan malah ngrusak plunger pompa injeksi bahan bakar. Ana limang alasan kanggo katup jarum macet: ① Instalasi injektor bahan bakar sing ora bener nyebabake suhu lokal injektor bahan bakar dadi dhuwur banget lan kobong. ② Injektor bahan bakar ora dijaga lan diatur kanthi rutin. ③ Minyak diesel ngandhut impurities utawa kelembapan sing berlebihan. ④ Lumahing conical saka tutup jarum saka muncung injeksi bahan bakar ora tightly nutup, lan muncung injeksi bahan bakar diobong metu nalika lenga diesel trocoh kanggo pasuryan mburi muncung injeksi bahan bakar Burns. ⑤ Suhu kerja mesin diesel dhuwur banget.

2 Angkat katup jarum injektor nambah jarak katup jarum bisa munggah saka posisi sing ditutup nalika injektor nyuntikake bahan bakar, sing diarani angkat. Angkat katup jarum injektor, tekanan injeksi lan reresik annular ing antarane tutup jarum lan kursi tutup nemtokake jumlah injeksi bahan bakar. Kanggo njamin kualitas injeksi bahan bakar lan atomisasi sing akurat, angkat tutup jarum kudu akurat. Yen angkat tutup jarum mundhak, bagean aliran antarane tutup jarum lan permukaan kursi mundhak, tingkat aliran mundhak, lan wektu sing dibutuhake kanggo katup jarum pindhah saka posisi paling dhuwur menyang posisi potong bahan bakar (lenggahan). ) mundhak, lan durasi injeksi mundhak, sing ngganti hukum injeksi normal. Iki bakal ngrusak proses pembakaran mesin diesel, nambah beban termal, nyuda daya lan nambah konsumsi bahan bakar. Kajaba iku, uga bakal nimbulaké overheating lan deposition karbon saka injector bahan bakar lan aggravate nyandhang saka conthong sealing. Nalika injector bahan bakar digunakake, bagean impact saka pasuryan mburi ngisor awak injector bahan bakar bakal cekung miturut nyandhang impact long-term saka tutup Pundhak jarum pasuryan mburi; Kanggo injektor kanthi angkat katup jarum sing bisa diatur (kayata injektor mesin diesel 4146), angkat uga bisa ditambah amarga penyesuaian sing ora bener. Amarga personel pangopènan ora nggatekake utawa malah ngerti owah-owahan angkat katup jarum, sing bakal mengaruhi operasi mesin diesel, pamriksaan nyandhang bagian ngisor awak injektor bahan bakar asring ora digatekake sajrone pangopènan. , supaya angkat tutup jarum gedhe banget, sing mengaruhi operasi normal mesin, lan ing kasus serius, ndadékaké nyuda daya.

3. The injection pressure of the fuel injector is too high or too low. The pressure when the fuel injector starts to inject is called the injection pressure, which is adjusted by turning the pressure regulating screw to change the preload of the pressure regulating spring. In order to ensure the normal combustion process, the injection pressure of various diesel engine fuel injectors has certain standards, which are clearly specified in the instructions of each engine, and should not be arbitrarily adjusted too high or too low. Too high or too low injection pressure of the fuel injector will cause uneven operation of each cylinder of the diesel engine, power reduction, and even early wear of combustion chamber, piston and other parts. Generally speaking, if the fuel injection pressure is adjusted too low, the atomization of fuel injection will be greatly deteriorated, and the phenomenon of oil dripping is easy to occur; At the same time, it will also make the starting point of fuel injection advance, and after the end point is late, the fuel injection duration will increase, the fuel injection volume will increase, and it is difficult to start. The adjustment of the injection pressure too high is also not good, causing the engine to produce a knocking sound during operation, and reducing the power, increasing the loss of diesel leakage, reducing the injection volume, shortening the injection duration, and increasing the injection rate, resulting in rough operation of the diesel engine, and sometimes bursting the high-pressure oil pipe. It can be seen that too high or too low injection pressure will not only reduce the power of the diesel engine and increase the fuel consumption rate, but also have a certain impact on the reliability and service life of the diesel engine. The injection pressure of the fuel injector must be adjusted according to regulations. The injection pressure can be adjusted to the upper limit of the specified value when the plunger coupling and needle valve coupling are in good technical condition, and to the lower limit of the specified value when the coupling is seriously worn. Generally, it is not allowed to change the injection pressure at will.

4. Nalika injektor bahan bakar ngasilake lenga akeh banget, lenga diesel ing rongga lenga awak tutup jarum nduweni tekanan dhuwur. Senajan bagean sing cocog iku pas, jumlah cilik saka lenga diesel bakal bocor menyang growong awak injector bahan bakar lan mili bali menyang Filter diesel utawa tank lenga liwat pipa bali (bagean saka lenga diesel iki uga nduweni fungsi lubricating ing katup jarum). Mulane, jumlah lenga bali sing cilik ing pipa bali iku normal. Nanging, yen ana akeh lenga bali, sababe kudu ditemokake. Sampeyan bisa uga lumahing peserta antarane awak injector lan awak tutup jarum rusak utawa ora resik, lan kontak ora nyenyet, asil ing sawetara bahan bakar diesel langsung bocor menyang growong awak injector saka alur lenga annular ing sisih ndhuwur. saka awak tutup jarum; Sampeyan bisa uga yen lumahing panuntun tutup jarum lan awak tutup jarum wis rusak banget lan reresik cocog gedhe banget, sing nambah bocor diesel. Sawise bali lenga gedhe banget ditemokake, ndandani utawa ngganti bagean sing cocog langsung tinimbang masang pipa bali lenga. Yen ora, lenga diesel sing bocor ora bisa dibuwang, sing bakal nyebabake tekanan minyak ing rongga awak injektor mundhak, lan resistensi bakal mundhak nalika jarum minyak mundhak, nyebabake tekanan injeksi sing dhuwur. Undhang-undhang injeksi bahan bakar normal rusak, sing ndadekake mesin diesel ora stabil, asap knalpot lan swara ketukan, luwih ngrusak pompa injeksi bahan bakar lan injektor bahan bakar.